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EDMOND VON SCHMIDT SECHERAU

The last mayor of

Marradi (1922) prima
del fascismo
di Claudio Mercatali

Il miele del colonnello
(da Tarabusi, Marradi com’era)

Il barone Edmond Schmidt von Secherau nacque a Vienna nel 1872 e morì a Marradi il 5 giugno 1944. La prima cosa che dicono gli anziani che si ricordano di lui, è che da giovane era stato uffi­ciale dell’esercito austro ungarico, ma non è vero e dall’Anagrafe risulta che era un ex colonnello dell’esercito italiano che aveva fatto l’Accademia a Modena. Il padre era austriaco e la madre, Anna York, americana. From 1912 he lived in Biforco, but today no one in town can tell you how it happened. There are no special memories of his wife, Princess Ruspoli Roman Leopoldina. Instead, there is the memory of his daughter, Marcella, a blond girl who married in the thirties Angela Gonnelli, a young entrepreneur in the country which later became the mayor for so long in S. Godenzo. In the early twentieth century in Marradi
people talked almost exclusively in Romagna and its name was too difficult, so Schmidt became Smic slowly and with this kind of nickname is remembered even today. He lived in a villa at the exit of Biforco Camurano, and where there are now public gardens had resided in the home. In fact the place is known as "de smic ort" (garden of smicco). The villa was where now there are public housing and was destroyed by a bomb aircraft in 1944. The elders of Biforco point out that the park was a beautiful aviary and even a cage with monkeys. This land was donated to the city by his daughter after the death of Colonel.
the SMIC is well inserted in the life of the country, as if it were native. In 1916 and 1917 he was appointed to monitor and keep the prisoners occupied Austria in Urbania (Urbino). A group of them, sent to Marradi, built the wall to 'start the bottleneck of Camus. In a stone was inscribed with the words "the year 1917 Austrian prisoners." It was a
skilled beekeeper and his honey production centrifuged pretty successful, but supported himself by "wealthy" that is perhaps his pension or retirement of an officer. The passion for bees was probably the reason for his transfer from Florence to Marradi.

Tall, bearded, in a stern and authoritarian character, it was just like us imagine that Italians are a bit 'all Germans. The nephew Dr. Leopoldina Gonnelli said that he had commanded all his hunting dogs used to go to bowls one at a time when the meal. It was what they call a serious person and it was respected and esteemed. The SMIC was head of the municipality for a year and a half, from October 1921 al marzo 1923. La sua Amministrazione era Social popolare, cioè formata dai Socialisti di Turati e dal Partito Popolare di don Sturzo. Questo aumen­tava di parecchio le sue difficoltà perché i fascisti premevano per le sue dimis­sioni. Il PPI e il PSI assieme avevano una larga maggioranza (vedi qui sotto) ma non erano d’accordo su nulla, a livello nazionale e di riflesso anche nelle amministrazioni locali.

I RISULTATI DELLE ELEZIONI POLITICHE A MARRADI (da Romagna Toscana)
NOTE Le donne non vota­vano. Il PCI nel 1919 non esisteva. Il Blocco Nazionale era una formazione fascista presente per la prima volta nel 1921.

Negli anni 1919 e 1921 gli iscritti nelle liste erano rispettivamente
2980 e 3007 e i votanti furono 1103 e 1715. I vari partiti ottennero
questi voti. I risultati del 1921 sono fra parentesi:
liberali 163 (- ) Part. popolare PPI 493 (597)
Part. socialista PSI 387 (392) Part. comunista PCI - (265)
Blocco nazionale - (372) Altri 60 (89)

Che cosa si sa dell’ultima amministrazione comunale prima dell’avvento del fasci­smo? Nell’Archivio del Comune ci sono i verbali dei Consigli del 1922 e a leg­gerli si scoprono tante cose. Al Consiglio dell’ October 11, 1921 was elected mayor. The twenty-three members present all voted for Schmidt, showing agree for once, and he thanked them: "... I thank the Council for unanimous estimation test was given to me by electing a mayor, I am heartened to accept ' burden Office did today, especially for the difficult economic conditions prevailing in the City for the growing expenses and revenues do not match ... "

The Forum Boario before
construction of
gardens of the monument.

the administrator manages the ordinary and had little strength to do more. The Mayor decided with caution, and assured those who asked for explanations or doubts expressed. In short, Mr. Schmidt was sailing in sight "and kept a low political profile, but in those dark times what else could he do? But on administrative issues had clear ideas. For example, was against the construction of the "gardens of the monument where they are now, why turn the Forum Boario in Memorial Park was congested in the town on market days.

the advent of Fascism in Marradi
April 1921 It is the beam Marradi
May 1921 Marquis Dino Perrone Compagni,
fascist leader, calls to action from the balcony of Palazzo Fabroni .
May 1922 A Biforco Socialists and Communists
raise a red flag guarded by armed men.
March 1923 the National Fascist Party (PNF)
wins in local elections. Formed a Town Council
almost all of the fascists. But this election is
of dubious validity, perché si tiene dopo la Marcia su Roma.

Come amministratore sapeva bene che nelle casse del Comune non c’era nemmeno un soldo e non era sem­plice trovare dei finanziamenti per la sua tra­ballante Amministrazione. Nonostante ciò riuscì a ottenere qualche risultato e nel mag­gio 1922 fu completato il primo blocco delle Case Operaie, che erano al ponte di Villan­ceto dove sono quelle odierne. Inoltre il 10 dicembre 1922 prese forma il Consorzio di Comuni per costruire la strada di S.Benedetto. I sindaci di Tredozio e di Portico erano venuti a Marradi e avevano accettato di sottoscrivere un grosso impegno finanziario, assieme al Comune di Marradi, ma i lavori iniziarono nel 1924 – 25 con la successiva amministrazione.

PRESENZE AI CONSIGLI CO­MUNALI DEL 1922
Dati dell’Archivio storico (gli assenti sono in grassetto)

25 febbraio 16 - 13 , 29 aprile 19 - 10 , 15 maggio 20 - 9 ,
5 luglio 17 - 12 , 16 luglio 15 - 14 24 luglio 15 - 14 ,
21 settembre 15 - 14 , 24 settembre 17 - 12 ,
10 dicembre 14 - 14 , 8 gennaio1923 8 - 20

After the march on Rome, the 24 to 28 October 1922, the political situation here in town for Social popular quickly turned for the worse and was becoming more difficult to reach a quorum to make the municipal councils . Was about to end an era and begin a 'other. We are at a key point in the history of the twentieth century, and Mr. Schmidt had the good fortune of being in the middle of this situation, so we are interested in him and the fate of the City. The advent of fascism in Marradi was not violent like in other places and yet the climate in the country had to be heavy. At the sitting of 10 December 1922 there were 14 members present and 14 absent, and therefore the quorum was reached slightly. In the next Council present were only eight and the session did not take place. We have reached the end of 1922, at the end of the book of minutes and also at the end of democracy. Edmond Secherau von Schmidt was still in office two months and then resigned because his term was over and held new elections, which were won by the fascists.

1922 SEEN FROM THE OTHER (The Fascist)
The local secretary of the PNF (National Fascist Party)
described as the events of 1922 in Marradi,
public talk in a few years later:

"Red and White ... lord it, contending favor with the masses, the good burghers absent and fearful, now the most hopeless and resigned. It was the time of the triumphant beast. The small core fascist boldly held the field, there were controversies, threats, quarrels, ambushes, not by pure chance, certainly not as good will of our enemies, tragic events that occurred ... but also elsewhere in the beam was growing Marradi most of its efficiency, its power: they were soon dispersed as the leagues and cooperatives red and white, until the occasion of the March on Rome, was given the coup de grace last remaining subversive power of the local, with the overthrow of the Municipal People's Social …”

Marradi, Casa del Fascio, 30 novembre 1930

Bibliografia E.W. Secherau Della fecondazione dei fiori per mezzo delle api Boll.Soc. Ort. Firenze 1910. Archivio storico del Comune. Notizie fornite dalla famiglia. Sito www florin.ms/alloriS.html. Ricordi di persone di Biforco.