Breve storia di alcuni episodi
di banditismo nella zona
di Marradi
di Claudio Mercatali
di banditismo nella zona
di Marradi
di Claudio Mercatali
Nell’Ottocento il brigantaggio era frequente nella zona di Marradi e di Modigliana, perché il confine con lo Stato Pontificio era una comoda via di fuga per i contrabbandieri e i fuorilegge dell’agitata Romagna ottocentesca, ma non solo per loro. C’era anche un brigantaggio nostrano, fatto da persone un po’ sbandate che si aggiravano per le campagne cercando di arraffare quello che potevano. Ci furono tanti episodi, tutti finiti male, in genere a fucilate con i gendarmi o dopo un inseguimento fatto dai contadini armati di forcone. Sono storie di miseria, a tratti buffe o penose, di povera gente che cercava di campare rubacchiando ad altra povera gente.
La banda Buriga compì le sue scorrerie nella zona di Modigliana. Tredozio e Marradi, nei primi anni dell’Ottocento. Era formata da una decina di elementi, guidati da un tal Giovanni Montanari, detto appunto Buriga, originario di Bagnacavallo, un paese fra Faenza e Ravenna, che prima di darsi al banditismo era stato un domestico della famiglia Dappiani di Modigliana. His cronies were people in the area, five farmers, a laborer, two coachmen and a merchant of pots. The younger you probably were given "the bush" and banditry because conscripts.
conscription Napoleon conquered Italy in 1799. The French continually recalls the citizens to arms, and called, known as "conscripts" draft dodgers were often absconded.
One of the older farmers had already been convicted of robbery and one of the carriers had escaped from prison in Faenza. The others were under suspicion.
roamed the countryside committing petty theft of property and livestock, plus some better organized robberies against some wealthy and Modigliana Tredington. One of their favorite targets were the canons of the church in the country, apparently because the priests could steal something more to eat and maybe a few cents. Their robbery lasted from 15 October 1809 to 21 February 1811. On this day a wealthy Tredington, during a robbery against him, he managed to raise the alarm ringing a bell. So Burigk and his people were chased by the people of Tredegar and the gendarmes of Marradi, and remained blocked at the church of Santa Reparata, the valley of Lutirano, right on the border between Marradi and Modigliani. Here there was a firefight, two bandits were killed and others captured.
They were taken to Florence for the trial and the sentences were harsh. Burigk September 12, 1811 was sentenced to death and shot. A farmer was sentenced to eighteen years of hard labor for life and another suffered a sentence of twelve years. There was also some absolution, especially for older robbers, who had surrendered without firing immediately.
But we must remember that in the clash at the Osteria de vdòc (louse of the inn), a guard died. Where the inn? In the old paper
Cadastre Leopold (1833), we see that the Poggiolo Osteria louse is across the street from Modigliani to Marradi. The Tavern was down there, near the church. Vdòc (louse) in Romagna also means "stingy" and probably there was a landlord who spared in the glass, or the place was not great for hygiene. The news of these raids had come to Florence and, in 1810, the Prefecture wrote "le Maire" Marradi, that the Mayor's appointment of French, offering 25 soldiers to help curb the problem. But the Mayor Remigio Fabroni refused, saying that the problem was now resolved. It was not true, but the French soldiers had a bad reputation among the people and said they preferred a diplomatic lie were not provided. The figure of the bandit has always struck the popular imagination of the people. Contributing factors include the uncertainty of life in isolated houses, the dark, fear of strangers and the continued risk of being robbed by some desperate. It was easy to think of bandits and robbers when he saw an armed wanderer. The historic
Metelli said that in 1848, at the end of the First War of Independence, the government sent soldiers to the Pontifical Marradi, on the border with the Grand Duchy in the area of \u200b\u200bSt. Martin and Rugginara to improve the safety of the countryside, and For instance:
"... came from Bristol twenty-five papal soldiers, led by a lieutenant. They going daily PEL county in track dé robbers who infested the bell ¬ tains, it was for the little practice that had dé places, they entered the borders of Tuscany on the side of Marradi, where some honest men if they givano hunting for recreation on those mountains. Hearing the noise of the muskets of the soldiers, they suspected that they were robbers, and so they began to follow them, and they believed that they were followed by robbers, as those soldiers did not use hats troops, they turned to flee towards Rugginara (= the customs), where spread terror among the soldiers arrived there to collect excise, so quickly grabbed the public money and fled together to Marradi, then the truth Scopertasi the Tuscan Government richiamossi fortemente pei violati confini a quello del Pontefice, il quale per satisfare i vicini ordinò che que’ fanti venissero ritratti immantinente da Brisighella…”.
Dunque lo sconfinamento provocò un piccolo incidente diplomatico. Dopo il 1848 lo Stato Pontificio imboccò la china del disfacimento irreversibile e fino al 1859 ci fu il vuoto di potere. In questo clima di sbandamento trovò spazio il più famoso dei briganti romagnoli, il Passatore, che però non arrivò mai a Marradi. Nel 1851, dopo la sua morte, i suoi seguaci, dispersi, continuarono con il banditismo, e qualcuno di loro ogni tanto passava il confine del Granducato per sfuggire alle guardie pontificie. Le cronache narrano che Giuseppe Afflitti, detto il Lazzarino, si permetteva addirittura di fare qualche esercitazione di tiro a segno nelle campagne di Marradi più vicine alla Romagna. Di fronte a tanta sfrontataggine il Governo Granducale nel 1854 mandò a Marradi un plotone di soldati austriaci, che rimisero rapidamente le cose a posto. L’arciprete si lagnò di loro, perché avevano trovato comodo alloggiare nell’Oratorio del Suffragio, proprio sulla piazza del paese, dopo aver messo da parte candele e paramenti. Il Lazzarino fu il più longevo dei briganti romagnoli e fu fucilato a Bologna nel 1857. Un compare del Lazzarino,Giuseppe Zanelli detto il Cesarino, fu ucciso dai gendarmi pontifici nel luglio 1853. Ferito in un primo scontro, fu caricato dai compagni su un cavallo e trasportato verso Marradi. Ce l’aveva quasi fatta, ma quando era ormai sul confine fu nuovamente colpito, questa volta a morte.
Le “avventure” dei briganti finirono subito dopo l’Unità d’Italia, perché senza il confine di Stato non si poteva più riparare “all’estero” e poi la nuova polizia sabauda, i Carabinieri, erano molto efficienti. Ci furono però vari episodi di banditismo e di rapina, da parte di gruppetti armati che si scioglievano dopo il “colpo” e si ricomponevano dopo qualche tempo per qualche altra malefatta.
Il 6 ottobre 1876 il comandante della Stazione dei Carabinieri di Marradi così scrisse:
“Facendo seguito My current ratio of 4 to participate in your Lordship (... the Prefect) Neretti that Mr. Louis had been robbed of 222 pounds to 85 pounds and not as he had first declared, and that he did not want to introduce their children to have some savings. The actual amount stolen to Neretti increasingly confirms that the perpetrators were criminals encountered by the four Royal Carabinieri of Bristol, since the two had been killed for 55 pounds each, and many must be supposed that it possessed the two who escaped and willed to be of Bristol. "
The most famous incident of banditry in the last years of the century was the glue Casaglia. The golden age of brigandage had passed and actions such as those of the band Burigk were no longer possible. But some quick robbery travelers could still be done. Just a few kilometers from the Pass, on the side of Marradi, there is the "curve Cencioni. According to the chronicles of the nineteenth century he was a merchant Ronta often that passed through the glue. On May 29, 1874 was going to Borgo S. Lorenzo with the gig. The robbers were waiting for him round the bend, and fired, no one knows if in the air or on him. The runaway horse, Cencioni fell to the ground, struck his head and died. This episode, recounted in many ways, left a vivid memory in people, even in Marradi.
Bibliography Il bosco e lo schioppo, Edizioni Le Lettere. Romagna Toscana, Tomo II. Edizioni Le lettere. Archivio storico di Terra del Sole. www. Archivio di Scansano, sentenze Tribunale di Firenze. A. Metelli Storia di Brisighella e della valle del Lamone. Un racconto del 1981 di Don Becattini, parroco di S.Reparata
La banda Buriga compì le sue scorrerie nella zona di Modigliana. Tredozio e Marradi, nei primi anni dell’Ottocento. Era formata da una decina di elementi, guidati da un tal Giovanni Montanari, detto appunto Buriga, originario di Bagnacavallo, un paese fra Faenza e Ravenna, che prima di darsi al banditismo era stato un domestico della famiglia Dappiani di Modigliana. His cronies were people in the area, five farmers, a laborer, two coachmen and a merchant of pots. The younger you probably were given "the bush" and banditry because conscripts.
conscription Napoleon conquered Italy in 1799. The French continually recalls the citizens to arms, and called, known as "conscripts" draft dodgers were often absconded.
One of the older farmers had already been convicted of robbery and one of the carriers had escaped from prison in Faenza. The others were under suspicion.
roamed the countryside committing petty theft of property and livestock, plus some better organized robberies against some wealthy and Modigliana Tredington. One of their favorite targets were the canons of the church in the country, apparently because the priests could steal something more to eat and maybe a few cents. Their robbery lasted from 15 October 1809 to 21 February 1811. On this day a wealthy Tredington, during a robbery against him, he managed to raise the alarm ringing a bell. So Burigk and his people were chased by the people of Tredegar and the gendarmes of Marradi, and remained blocked at the church of Santa Reparata, the valley of Lutirano, right on the border between Marradi and Modigliani. Here there was a firefight, two bandits were killed and others captured.
They were taken to Florence for the trial and the sentences were harsh. Burigk September 12, 1811 was sentenced to death and shot. A farmer was sentenced to eighteen years of hard labor for life and another suffered a sentence of twelve years. There was also some absolution, especially for older robbers, who had surrendered without firing immediately.
But we must remember that in the clash at the Osteria de vdòc (louse of the inn), a guard died. Where the inn? In the old paper
Cadastre Leopold (1833), we see that the Poggiolo Osteria louse is across the street from Modigliani to Marradi. The Tavern was down there, near the church. Vdòc (louse) in Romagna also means "stingy" and probably there was a landlord who spared in the glass, or the place was not great for hygiene. The news of these raids had come to Florence and, in 1810, the Prefecture wrote "le Maire" Marradi, that the Mayor's appointment of French, offering 25 soldiers to help curb the problem. But the Mayor Remigio Fabroni refused, saying that the problem was now resolved. It was not true, but the French soldiers had a bad reputation among the people and said they preferred a diplomatic lie were not provided. The figure of the bandit has always struck the popular imagination of the people. Contributing factors include the uncertainty of life in isolated houses, the dark, fear of strangers and the continued risk of being robbed by some desperate. It was easy to think of bandits and robbers when he saw an armed wanderer. The historic
Metelli said that in 1848, at the end of the First War of Independence, the government sent soldiers to the Pontifical Marradi, on the border with the Grand Duchy in the area of \u200b\u200bSt. Martin and Rugginara to improve the safety of the countryside, and For instance:
"... came from Bristol twenty-five papal soldiers, led by a lieutenant. They going daily PEL county in track dé robbers who infested the bell ¬ tains, it was for the little practice that had dé places, they entered the borders of Tuscany on the side of Marradi, where some honest men if they givano hunting for recreation on those mountains. Hearing the noise of the muskets of the soldiers, they suspected that they were robbers, and so they began to follow them, and they believed that they were followed by robbers, as those soldiers did not use hats troops, they turned to flee towards Rugginara (= the customs), where spread terror among the soldiers arrived there to collect excise, so quickly grabbed the public money and fled together to Marradi, then the truth Scopertasi the Tuscan Government richiamossi fortemente pei violati confini a quello del Pontefice, il quale per satisfare i vicini ordinò che que’ fanti venissero ritratti immantinente da Brisighella…”.
Dunque lo sconfinamento provocò un piccolo incidente diplomatico. Dopo il 1848 lo Stato Pontificio imboccò la china del disfacimento irreversibile e fino al 1859 ci fu il vuoto di potere. In questo clima di sbandamento trovò spazio il più famoso dei briganti romagnoli, il Passatore, che però non arrivò mai a Marradi. Nel 1851, dopo la sua morte, i suoi seguaci, dispersi, continuarono con il banditismo, e qualcuno di loro ogni tanto passava il confine del Granducato per sfuggire alle guardie pontificie. Le cronache narrano che Giuseppe Afflitti, detto il Lazzarino, si permetteva addirittura di fare qualche esercitazione di tiro a segno nelle campagne di Marradi più vicine alla Romagna. Di fronte a tanta sfrontataggine il Governo Granducale nel 1854 mandò a Marradi un plotone di soldati austriaci, che rimisero rapidamente le cose a posto. L’arciprete si lagnò di loro, perché avevano trovato comodo alloggiare nell’Oratorio del Suffragio, proprio sulla piazza del paese, dopo aver messo da parte candele e paramenti. Il Lazzarino fu il più longevo dei briganti romagnoli e fu fucilato a Bologna nel 1857. Un compare del Lazzarino,Giuseppe Zanelli detto il Cesarino, fu ucciso dai gendarmi pontifici nel luglio 1853. Ferito in un primo scontro, fu caricato dai compagni su un cavallo e trasportato verso Marradi. Ce l’aveva quasi fatta, ma quando era ormai sul confine fu nuovamente colpito, questa volta a morte.
Le “avventure” dei briganti finirono subito dopo l’Unità d’Italia, perché senza il confine di Stato non si poteva più riparare “all’estero” e poi la nuova polizia sabauda, i Carabinieri, erano molto efficienti. Ci furono però vari episodi di banditismo e di rapina, da parte di gruppetti armati che si scioglievano dopo il “colpo” e si ricomponevano dopo qualche tempo per qualche altra malefatta.
Il 6 ottobre 1876 il comandante della Stazione dei Carabinieri di Marradi così scrisse:
“Facendo seguito My current ratio of 4 to participate in your Lordship (... the Prefect) Neretti that Mr. Louis had been robbed of 222 pounds to 85 pounds and not as he had first declared, and that he did not want to introduce their children to have some savings. The actual amount stolen to Neretti increasingly confirms that the perpetrators were criminals encountered by the four Royal Carabinieri of Bristol, since the two had been killed for 55 pounds each, and many must be supposed that it possessed the two who escaped and willed to be of Bristol. "
The most famous incident of banditry in the last years of the century was the glue Casaglia. The golden age of brigandage had passed and actions such as those of the band Burigk were no longer possible. But some quick robbery travelers could still be done. Just a few kilometers from the Pass, on the side of Marradi, there is the "curve Cencioni. According to the chronicles of the nineteenth century he was a merchant Ronta often that passed through the glue. On May 29, 1874 was going to Borgo S. Lorenzo with the gig. The robbers were waiting for him round the bend, and fired, no one knows if in the air or on him. The runaway horse, Cencioni fell to the ground, struck his head and died. This episode, recounted in many ways, left a vivid memory in people, even in Marradi.
Bibliography Il bosco e lo schioppo, Edizioni Le Lettere. Romagna Toscana, Tomo II. Edizioni Le lettere. Archivio storico di Terra del Sole. www. Archivio di Scansano, sentenze Tribunale di Firenze. A. Metelli Storia di Brisighella e della valle del Lamone. Un racconto del 1981 di Don Becattini, parroco di S.Reparata
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